Smartphone Market Essay Example for Free

Smartphone Market Essay With emerging mobile technologies and rapid growth in users of smartphones, there have been a lot of legal issues involved between the mobile phone producers. Standards are being set and patents are being registered by the producers to keep their market upright. These patents are registered mainly to monitor and implement the means to increase the number of consumers. This article will examine how these legal issues affect the end users and also about the legal issues which are being brought to the court. The article also discusses the implications of the current lack of specificity of the patents and suggests refinement of patents in terms of narrow versus broad inclusiveness. Analysis The smartphone market has taken a giant leap in the last decade with major markets emerging every day. The markets do have their own patent and copyright to keep their work intact from the other manufacturers. The legal issues binding to such patents are also complicated. These patents are directly connected to the profits and also market value. They are considered to be valuable and serve as the counter weight for the manufacturers in terms of the market place and to keep a competitive balance in the market. The author in the article tries to understand the legal battle between Apple and Samsung on various patents they use on their phone. Apple on one hand claims that Android market has been designed to copy iphones design and strategy whereas Samsung replies saying that familiar product design doesn’t mean imitation. This battles has started when Samsung launched the galaxy series. The legal battle mainly started with patent issues when Samsung went for Android market for their phones. The legal issues went public and familiar when Samsung was asked to pay $1.05 billion in damages as it acted wilfully in violating the patent rights. This also went to a stage where the Samsung’s key phones and tablets may be banned for sales and the world’s biggest technology provider has come to a stand- still with their four year low on market value after the verdict the US jury. Samsung has come to stage overturn the decision with the patent battles come to an end but it always seems like a fake promise to keep the competitive market balance in mind for the smart phones. While Samsung believes that the design and feature of Apple should not be allowed to claim patent whereas Apple strongly believes  that its design and features are its main market value and consider them as its intellectual property. More violations from Samsung’s end in patents have strengthened the case towards apple. These cases between Apple and Samsung have been spread to almost all the countries where they have their end consumers. Samsung being the main component supplier for Apple should have solved these issues amicably out of the court but failed to do so. The end customers are put in a question always whether to go for Samsung products or Apple products keeping in mind the legal issues these two companies have. The product support also went to a question mark because of the pending legal cases in the court. Most of the applications in both the phones are now in a question mark because of the pending patent rights. Both Apple and Samsung phone users are getting a software update in which many of the features goes for redesigning and certain legal issues goes missing. The functionality of the phone remain the same but the patent suits won goes for upgradation. Because of these copying acts of Samsung, Apple have won 1 billion for damages and that is not all it might have negative impacts on the phones already released. The android market which is having a market stake of 60 to 70 percent will lose some key functionality and also some specific features. This could also end up Samsung in redesigning and changing the features in the phones which they have already released in the market. The end customers are also in the queue up whether the battle for the smartphones will affect the functionality of the product they have bought in the market. With android markets being at stake it is hugely a question mark for Samsung to depend on such market which is highly competitive. Apple has shown the world that Samsung has copied the design and features of iphone. Apple in turn is trying the curb the android market which proves to be very competitive to the Iphone market. Apple tries to curb the manufacturers who are attached to Android market for which HTC legal cases and Samsung legal cases are a better example. Apple is tactically using its own method to slow down the android market by attacking the companies making android devices While the prospects of losing so many design and features to Apple it could just be a platform for android to try something new. This could be a push ahead move for android as they will try new things from now on and will not act as a shadow to ios. By introducing  Android 4.0 Google is trying to improvise and create a new unique operating system to support the android making companies. Since the android phones no more resemble a iphone in the market, it could be a boost to sell the new model phones in the market. The legal cases could have favoured Apple but the sales and the market value is favouring Samsung. The cases have favoured Apple but if the customer have to go away from old hat and needs a good change they have to go for a new smartphones which are using android operating system. The industry experts reckon that the android markets would boom after the complex decision from the jury come up as they conclude that the phones will have a new look and features which will attract the customers more than before. The market share of android making phones are also expected to rise with their new design and feature. The end customers are given a new glimpse of phones which is not a shadow or imitation of iphone with improved functionality and features. It gets better with wacky new designs for the customers and is proving to be a good idea for the manufacturers to try new things and new features on the phone. The law suits by apple in one form have helped the end customer to get new design and new features. This can be put in other words that there are now two different smart phones available which has different designs to excite the customer. References 1. Dan Levine Purnima gupta (2012) Reuters, 27 August [online] Available at http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/08/27/us-apple-samsung-legal-idUSBRE87Q02K20120827 (Accessed on 13 December 2012) 2. http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/hardware/apple-iphone-violated-three-patents-damages-unclear-u-s-jury/articleshow/17604481.cms

American Big Business - A Case Study :: essays research papers

Singer Corporation, now known as Bicoastal Corporation, is the company that brought the world the sewing machine. There are Singer Sewing machines in almost every country in the world and Singer instructions in more than 50 languages. Mahatma Gandhi learned to sew on a Singer and called it â€Å"one of the few useful things ever invented.† I will attempt to explain how Singer came to be one of America’s big businesses. Isaac Merritt Singer was born in Pittstown, New York in 1811, and ran away from his immigrant parents at the age of 12 to join a troupe of traveling actors. He remained an actor until 1835, inventing things on the side. The first patent for a sewing machine was granted in 1790 in England but no one had been able to come up with a reliable design that did not need frequent repairs. Because of this sewing machines had never become commercially successful. In 1850 Singer came up with a design and patented it. In 1851 Singer and Company was born and the Singer sewing machine was an immediate success. The machine was, however very close in design to that of Elias Howe who had been on the verge of solving the problem of the unreliable sewing machine. He sued for patent infringement. Singer hired a young lawyer to defend him. In exchange for his services Clark became an equal partner in the company. Singer ran the manufacturing side and Clark the Financial side. Clark ended the lawsuit and pooled the two patents together creating the Singer Machine Combination. This was the first patent pool in America. Until the late 1850s, because of the price of the sewing machines, the company concentrated on the commercial market e.g. professional tailors and clothing manufactures. But around this time Clark introduced the first customer installment payment plan. Combined with an intensive marketing campaign, this meant that the product could reach a wider market than ever before and even those with relatively low incomes could afford the sewing machines. By 1855 Singer was the world’s biggest sewing company. It begans its overseas expansion starting in Paris, making Singer the world’s first international company. The first factory outside the United States was opened in Glasgow, Scotland in 1961, followed by distribution centers in London, England, and a factory in Brighton, England that was the biggest in the U.K. at the time. By 1867 international sales exceeded at home sales for the first time.

Beauty Within The Cultures by Phillip Namara Essay

How do you define beauty? Is it a small waist and large breasts? A perfect smile and straight hair? If you flip through the pages of an American fashion magazine, you may think beauty is narrowly defined†¦but that’s not the case. From thick ankles to small noses, women from five continents are revealing what’s considered beautiful in their countries. â€Å"It’s a way of connecting yourselves from your kitchen, your living room, your bedroom †¦ to the rest of the world.† The first culture I will speak about are the Koreans. In any subway car you will see young Korean women checking their hair and makeup in mirrors that come attached to their cell phones. For those with less image-savvy devices, the windows provide ample reflection for women to fretfully fix stray stands of hair or rouge streaks of foundation. This preoccupation with beauty is no less reflected in how many Korean women dress. High heels, mini-skirts and frilled blouses are not reserved for nights out on the town – they are the norm for many women going about their daily business. While looking good is a matter of boosting self-esteem for many women, there are often more practical reasons for going under the knife. A lot of women believe that their chances of employment are largely dependent on their looks and will improve significantly after a cosmetic touch-up. In this highly competitive society, where it is routine to send your photo attached to your resume, a pretty face can give you the edge in a job or college interview. The next country/culture we will look at is Africa. There are some countries in Africa who have recently adopted a new definition of beauty accepting the same beliefs as Western culture. However, many countries maintain a quite different perspective of what beauty means within Africa. This different perspective defines beauty as: * Large Breasts: In some countries, women with large chests are much more desirable and considered much more beautiful than women with small chests. * Ample Backside: In some countries, generally the same ones that consider big breasts to be beautiful, a large backside is desirable and considered beautiful. * Fat vs. Skinny: Although it has become a newly accepted form of beauty, being skinny is not desirable in every country in Africa. There are countries where brides are force fed in order to make them fat or to make them more desirable to their male counterparts. Although this may not be considered healthy, it is what many in the culture of these countries consider beautiful. * Skin Color: Another aspect of beauty in Africa relates to skin color. Many countries believe that a lighter skinned African woman is more desirable than those who have darker skin. Therefore, a market has grown for skin creams that will lighten the complexion of African women in order to make them more attr active to the opposite sex. Importance of Curves in African Beauty Looking at this list of what beauty means in certain parts of Africa, we can deduce that the more curves a woman has in some countries across the African continent, the more desirable she is to the opposite sex. The idea of this form of accepted beauty has caused many clothing designers in Africa to increase their sizes available in their clothing lines in order to show their acceptance that even a bigger woman can be beautiful. In Southwestern Asia, the area often known as the Middle East, the rejection of Western culture and beauty standards, along with the insurgence of Islamic traditions, has seen the rise in more traditional, Arabic clothing. This clothing tends to cover more of the body and gives only an alluring glimpse at the feminine figure within as a clear denunciation of the revealing outfits worn by many in the Western world. These outfits display the humble, demure and secret beauty of the wearer, whose husband is the only one with access to the body hidden within the folds of fabric. Still, with increasing globalization, many Western beauty ideals have spread throughout the world, while cultures with little contact outside their indigenous communities continue to observe their own beauty practices. Either way, ideals of beauty are ever-present throughout the diverse communities of world. Beauty Throughout The Ages It’s hard to believe that once upon a time, women were celebrated for their natural god-given bodies. In fact, the female standard of beauty has gone through many drastic changes over the last several hundred years. I’ve compiled a timeline of all the major trends over the past 600 years, starting with the Renaissance up until the last decade. Renaissance Body Type: The ideal Renaissance woman was more voluptuous than any other time in history. Paintings from this era depict women who would be considered beyond curvy by today’s standards – but at that time, these full-figured ladies were the epitome of sexiness. For the first time in recorded history, women were prized for their natural bodies. Beauty: The term â€Å"blondes have more fun† may have stemmed from the Renaissance, because they believed that the lighter the hair color, the better. As for make-up, pale ivory skin was considered sexy, and vermillion was used to tint the lips to a deep red color. Pale complexion and blood red lips – it seems like the Renaissance era may have originated the popular vampire-chic look. Victorian Body Type: Unlike Renaissance women, Victorian women were very body conscious. Sexy meant having the smallest waistline humanly possible, and in order to achieve this look, women wore corsets. Some corsets were wound so tight that women could hardly breathe, to the point where sitting down was completely out of the question. Many women would even break ribs trying to get their waistlines down to an inconceivable 12 inches. Beauty: Modesty was the operative word when it came to Victorian makeup. High-class women were expected to use makeup sparingly. Bold colors were considered trashy, and reserved for prostitutes. Some religions at the time even proclaimed beauty products to be â€Å"the look of the devil.† 1920’s Era Body Type: The 1920’s was a time when women didn’t want to look like women at all. We can’t imagine that men today would find this sexy, but some women from the 20’s era would even bind their chests with strips of cloth to achieve a â€Å"little boy† look – quite contradictory to some of the measures that today’s women take in order to amplify their chests. The loose silhouette of the flapper dress was in stark contrast to the corseted waist of the Victorian era. Elastic webbed girdles replaced corsets and gave off the look of a flat boyish abdomen. Beauty: Going right along with the boyish look, the hair bob or finger wave was a big trend. Bold make-up, which had once been considered â€Å"trashy,† was now considered sexy. Powder was applied to make the skin look as pale as possible, and eyebrows were lifted and penciled in to appear thin and bold. Kohl was used to line the eye and achieve an overall dramatic look. 1930-1970s Era Body Type: As they became more body conscious, women started to pay attention to what they ate. Fashions accented the arms and legs, so women lifted light weights to build muscle tone. The new padded stretch cotton bra was introduced – something we’re sure all men and women are very thankful for. Designers like Chanel (credited as the originator of the â€Å"little black dress†), Dior, and Elsa Schiaparelli started designing glamorous attire that allowed women to show off their feminine curves. Beauty: Hairstyles became more feminine than they had been in the 1920’s. Hair color varied, depending on which movie star one was trying to emulate. Jean Harlow made platinum blonde a trend, and meanwhile, Rita Hayworth made being a redhead popular. Last, but not least, Marlene Dietrich was a symbol for all the brunettes out there. Make-up became a little less drag, and more girl-next-door than in the 20’s. The pasty white skin trend was final ly passà ©, and women started opting for foundations closer to their natural complexions.

Effective Leadership Of Public Health - 1967 Words

Introduction Effective Leadership in Public health Leadership in health is all about the competency of the leader that involves cultivating an environment in which all the providers and consumers can contribute to their full potential for any health activity in such that the consumers know what is available and what best possible they can achieve and the providers to support the consumers in the best way possible to get the necessary information and cure if required in regards to public health sector (Andrew Garmen, 2006). For this requires effective public health leader who is there within the community to make them realise what is available and what is required so as to be able to advocate for services that are unavailable but required (Koh, 2009). The 21st century with various emerging health related problems there is widespread recognition that the challenges posed by obesity, alcohol, smoking, climate change issues etc requires solution from public health approaches where the role of leadership remains intact in tackling the pu blic health challenges of the 21st century (Pittman, 2013). This would need a leader as such who is a combination of administrative excellence with strong sense of professional welfare and builds enduring greatness through a paradoxical blend of personal humility and professional will for awareness rising to encourage and to initiate public health activities (Day et al., 2012). Leaders of public health can directly or indirectly impact theShow MoreRelatedHealth Care Authority ( Hca )1233 Words   |  5 Pagesstudy focuses on the similar issue that the Basic Health (BH) had to face in order to continue its program in providing health coverage to low-income families. BH is overseen by Health Care Authority (HCA), which is a Washington state agency that oversees seven health care programs. The main source of funding for BH consists of administrative budget, state appropriation for subsidies, and members’ share of premiums. HCA had contracts with five health plans that were available to the people of the communityRead MoreHistory Of New Zealand Public Health Sector Essay1614 Words   |  7 PagesSince 1983 the New Zealand public health sector has undergone four structural transformations. With each change there was a new set of organisations to fund and deliver health services: 1983-1993 Area Health Boards (AHBs); 1993-1997 Regional Health Authorities (RHAs) and Crown Health Enterprises (CHEs); 1998-2001 Health Funding Authority (HFA) and Hospital and Health Services (HHSs); and 2001 District Health Boards (DHBs). These changes were designed to improve health outcomes, increase accountabilityRead MoreLeadership Styles Paper1158 Words   |  5 PagesLeadership Style Paper Michael Tafoya David Campbell University of Phoenix Two leadershipRead MorePublic Health Practices And Health976 Words   |  4 PagesPublic health practices are dependent upon the presence of a workforce that are well prepared and well matched to the specific community being served. The infrastructure of public health in which all services and programs are built, has three components: accurate, timely data and information; effective systems and relationships; and a competent workforce. Various bits of knowledge and interpret the data to develop meaningful descriptions of health and illness, and identify strategies for diseaseRead MoreDeveloping Effective Cross Culture Communication953 Words   |  4 Pages2010). The Eurocentric Germanizing authoritative leadership approach is no longer dominating in a colorful society of people (NewsBlaze, 2007). As globalization comes into realization, more and more people of various gender, race, religion, nationality, ethnicity, and even disability will continue to change the c ourse of leadership (Nahavandi, 2014; NewsBlaze, 2007). Successful leaders are challenged to adapt new methods to seek out effective communication and address every human being with compassionRead MoreThe Health Care System Of New Zealand Essay1745 Words   |  7 PagesLeadership is mandatory in all industries either it is health care or any other Business. As we already know that leadership is a learning process and without a leader any organization cannot survive. The Health care system of New Zealand has shown the significant changes within past decades and it varies according to historical, political, and social contexts. The history shows that there were huge health differences between the Maoris and non-Maoris, which were due to socioeconomic and lifestyleRead MoreMy Experience At The Public Health Leadership984 Words   |  4 PagesReflection This paper discusses my experiences after attending the Public Health Leadership subject in 2015, reflecting on important lessons learnt, the relevance to my work and the support required for my improvement. When I enrolled in this subject, I was not sure that I will get the best out of the subject considering my experiences with many leadership courses where the presenters have focused on theories of leadership skills without giving practical insights. However, at the end of this subjectRead MoreThe Role Of Effective Leadership And Effective Communication1192 Words   |  5 PagesImproving health care organization means changing ineffective management into effective systems that are patient-centered, cost-effective, and so forth. This requires culture change, and the first change will be with leaders throughout the organization. Effective leadership is essential to the success of every organization. An effective leader clarifies: (a) the organization’s goals to his/her employees, (b) the practical values that are important for achieving those goals, (c) the basis for ethicalRead MoreEssay on The Objectives and Roles of the World Health Organization1596 Words   |  7 Pages Based on WHO:s health agenda, the main targets are developing promoting, health security, strengthening health systems, generating research, information and evidence, enhancing partnerships and improving WHO:s performance (WHO 2013) . In our country we have our own health policy, Health 2015 (STM 2001) , which is a long-term health policy programme, based on the WHO:s new Global Health on the 21-program and principle of health in all policies. It is purposed to improve health and functional capacityRead MoreOutline for Health Information Mgmt Essay1109 Words   |  5 PagesHealth Information Management Coll148 April 7, 2013 Michael Dufresne DeVry University I. Introduction A. To be a good leader you need the desire, willpower and then go through the never ending process of training, education and learning from experience.(Clark 2004) B. Lauren Thompson-Director of Federal Health Architecture at Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology C. Brief introduction of the leader you have chosen- The leader I chose is Lauren Thompson